In addition to the numerical alterations and common targets of translocations in ALL, this disease is characterized by mutations in transcriptional factors (AML1, ETS, PAX5, IKZF1, EBF1, ETV6, and STAT), suppressor genes (TP53, RB1, CDKN2A/CDKN2B, etc.), oncogenes (ABL1, ABL2, CSF1R, JAK2, PDGFRB, and CRLF2), B lymphoid cell differentiators (IKZF1, TCF3, EBF1, PAX5, and VPREB1), chromatin remodelers, or epigenetic modifiers (DNMT3A, CREBBP, MLL2, NSD2, EP300, ARID1A, TET2, and CHD6) [9,10,11,12]. The gene discussed is PAX5; the disease is acute lymphoblastic leukemia.