However, recent advances have demonstrated that both apoptosis and necroptosis can be regulated in various types of cell death.8, 9, 10, 11 Moreover, necroptosis is another regulated cell death mechanism that exists in various diseases, including MI, I/R injury, heart failure, and inflammation,11, 12 and it is regulated by the necrosome, which consists of receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (RIP3) and mixed lineage kinase-like (MLKL).9 This evidence concerns the gene MLKL and heart failure.