Since Hectd3 was previously shown to interact with and polyubiquitinate Malt1 in cancer cell lines30, we examined Hectd3 and Malt1 interaction in CD4+ T cells from EAE mice, and found that Hectd3 associates with Malt1 in CD4+ T cells during EAE (Fig. 5a). This evidence concerns the gene HECTD3 and cancer.