Collectively, these findings demonstrated that exosomes from the FMR1-AS1 overexpressed cells could endow the basal cells with stem-like phenotypes via intercellular transfer of FMR1-AS1, through activating NFκB-dependent pathways, thus contributing to ESCC intratumorally stemness dynamic transition. This evidence concerns the gene FMR1 and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.