Given the roles of SIRT1 and SIRT3 in the regulation of mitochondrial ROS production, this study aimed to elucidate whether alterations on the expression levels of SIRT1, SIRT3, SOD2, and lipid peroxidation status are related to the observed oxidative stress in T1D, T2D, and HT. This evidence concerns the gene SIRT3 and type 1 diabetes mellitus.