Recently, we showed that the combination of MS-275 or valproate, two class-I HDAC inhibitors, with resveratrol, an activator of the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)–sirtuin 1 pathway, could restore normal RelA acetylation and elicit neuroprotection in cortical neurons exposed to OGD and in animal models of brain ischemia [16,27] or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) [42]. This evidence concerns the gene RELA and brain ischemia.