First, we analyzed the data of 530 patients with HNSCC (TCGA, Provisional, http://www.cbioportal.org/) and found that abnormal mRNA expression and DIAPH1, DIAPH2, and DIAPH3 mutations were frequently identified in HNSCC (Figure 1(a)). This evidence concerns the gene DIAPH1 and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.