The ectopic expression of USP11 in PTEN-proficient human prostate cancer cell line DU145 depleted of USP13 or OTUD3 still upregulated PTEN (Supplementary Fig. 3d, e), suggesting that USP11 could be a more potent regulator of PTEN than other DUBs in our assays. Here, OTUD3 is linked to prostate cancer.