Pirfenidone (PFD) is a current approved drug for the therapy of IPF, and its antifibrosis activity in transforming growth factor-β- (TGF-β-) stimulated fibroblasts and bleomycin-challenged murine models is associated with the restoration of Nrf2/Bach1 equilibrium through Bach1 inhibition and Nrf2 activation [150]. Here, NFE2L2 is linked to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.