On the contrary, by treating CRC cells with TGF-βR antagonist LY2109761, ASPN-induced migration, and invasion were largely eliminated in HCT-8 cells (Supplementary Fig. 7A–D), emphasizing the role of TGF-β signaling in mediating ASPN-induced invasion of CRC. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and colorectal carcinoma.