Although inhibition of CXCR3 is an attractive therapeutic strategy to prevent the infiltration of autoreactive T cells into pancreatic islets, caution has to be taken with this approach, since it may also inhibit CXCR3+ Tregs that can have a protective effect on autoimmune pathology in human T1D. This evidence concerns the gene CXCR3 and type 1 diabetes mellitus.