Bta-miR-223 has been implicated in cancer progression, HIV-1 infection, IL-17–induced inflammation [54,55], general delay in alternative NF-κB activation in innate immune cells [56] and negative regulation of proliferation and differentiation of neutrophils through down-regulation of the transcription factor, Mef2c, as well as up-regulation during bovine mammary gland infections like mastitis [57]. This evidence concerns the gene IL17A and HIV-1 infection.