HPSE and liver dysplastic nodule: In DN, an increase in urinary heparanase and itsactivity as an endoglycosidase that specifically cleaves HS in side chains of HSPGis observed in both type 1 and type 2 diabetic patients with proteinuria.12,13 Therefore, loss of the HS in the glomerular basement membraneresults in a decrease of the anionic charge barrier and maypossibly be one of the major causes of albuminuria in the DN.14,15