Elevated levels of FGF2 have previously been measured in the serum of CML and AML patients (Aguayo et al., 2000; Aguayo et al., 2002), as well as in the bone marrow of AML patients, where it was reported to function as an autocrine promotor of proliferation (Bieker et al., 2003). Here, FGF2 is linked to chronic myelogenous leukemia, BCR-ABL1 positive.