GPR31 and melanoma: Our analysis revealed several novel genes that were hypermethylated in melanomas compared to melanocytes, including KRTCAP3, AGAP2, ZNF490, TTC22, and hypomethylated in melanomas compared to melanocytes, including TDRG1, SDPR, GRIK2, GIMAP5, GPR31, and MIR548A2. Of these, KRTCAP3 (keratinocyte-associated protein 3) showed strong hypermethylation (11/12 CpG sites) in fresh melanoma samples and melanoma cell lines compared to that in melanocytes (Figure 2B).