GSK3B and gastric cancer: We also performed qRT-PCR analysis to quantitate the mRNA level of β-catenin in MGC803 and HGC27 cells treated with either 0.1 mM PA or BSA at different times and found that PA did not alter the transcriptional level of β-catenin compared to its controls in GC cell lines (Fig. 5e and f), which further proved that PA promoted nuclear transport and accumulation of β-catenin by inhibiting its degradation by GSK-3β.