TRPV1 and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Strikingly, TRPV1 and TRPV4 mRNA levels were increased in samples from patients with COPD and cigarette-exposure-induced ATP release from primary bronchial epithelial cells was attenuated by blockers of both channels (JNJ1703212, HC087047 see Table 3 and Table 4, [92]).