AKT1 and Insulin resistance: For instance, we previously reported that an aspalathin-enriched green rooibos extract (GRE) can ameliorate palmitate-induced insulin resistance in C2C12 muscle and 3T3-L1 cells by modulating key genes involved in energy metabolism and insulin signaling, including PI3K/AKT and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) [15,21].