The patients with HIV–MTB coinfection in this study exhibited a lower extrapulmonary TB rate than the patients in the studies conducted in the pre-HAART era in Taiwan [41,42] (previous study vs. present study; 75.8–83.3% vs. 39.7%), potentially because CD4+ cell counts at MTB disease diagnosis were higher in this study than in other studies (CD4+ cell counts in the present study vs. previous study; 78 vs. 21–37 cells/L) [30,31]. This evidence concerns the gene CD4 and tuberculosis.