CALCR and Calcium nephrolithiasis: Several genetic polymorphisms have been found to play important roles in the pathogenesis of calcium nephrolithiasis, including SNPs in transient receptor potential vanilloid member 5 (TRPV5) [36], calcitonin receptor gene (CALCR) [37] and vitamin D receptor (VDR) [38], which are related to the maintenance of calcium homeostasis or the matrix protein.