In non‐brain endothelial cells, N‐cadherin was observed to participate in the formation of heterocellular contacts between tumour cells and endothelial cells during transendothelial migration of melanoma cells.17 N‐cadherin is up‐regulated in response to transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β) released by metastatic cells, leading to an increase in the ability of melanoma cells to attach to and to migrate through CECs.18 This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and melanoma.