Cisplatin‐resistant cancer cells with high concentrations of NAD+ overexpress SIRT1 and show high mitochondrial membrane potential and abnormal mitochondrial ultrastructure.45, 64 Overexpressed SIRT1 also promotes drug resistance by altering the tumour microenvironment, modifying drug penetration properties of cancer cells, leading to genetic mutations and inducing cancer stem cell‐like properties.27 Therefore, targeting SIRT1 in NSCLC patients may provide a novel strategy for improving therapeutic outcome and overcoming cancer drug resistance. This evidence concerns the gene SIRT1 and cancer.