Since then, three other ICIs that inhibit the programmed cell death pathway, including programmed cell death 1 (PDCD1 or CD279, best known as PD-1) and its ligands – CD274 (best known as PD-L1) and programmed cell death 1 ligand 2 (PDCD1LG2 or CD273, best known as PD-L2) – have been licensed for use in NSCLC patients, namely pembrolizumab (Keytruda®, from Merck) [3, 4], atezolizumab (Tecentriq®, from Genentech) [5, 6], and durvalumab (Imfinzi®, from AstraZeneca) [7]. Here, CD274 is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.