In addition, catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were significantly increased in SH-SY5Y cells co-cultured with TUDCA-treated CKD-hMSCs with the presence of uremic toxin, compared with SH-SY5Y cells alone or those co-cultured with untreated CKD-hMSCs (Figure 2F,G). The gene discussed is SOD1; the disease is chronic kidney disease.