INS and type 2 diabetes mellitus: 2014). Obesity is highly associated with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Since the prevalence of obesity appears to be higher in older individuals, it would be expected that the prevalence of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes would also be higher. Indeed, Karakelides et al. (2010) demonstrated that age‐related declines in insulin sensitivity were likely due to increases in adiposity rather than a direct age effect, further implicating obesity as a primary cause of insulin resistance and perhaps type 2 diabetes.