TGFB1 and atherosclerosis: Transforming growth factor‐β1 (TGFβ1) is one of the most potent cytokines and is involved in many biological processes including fibrosis, tissue repair, anti‐inflammatory responses, hypertrophy and atherosclerosis.9 In the initial stages of myocardial remodelling, TGFβ1 promotes fibroblast activation and induces ECM protein production including collagen and fibronectin.