Further validation of our findings in an independent cohort of stage 0 and stage I breast cancer patients and comparison with follow‐up data should be conducted in order to assess whether TBX3 expression may provide reliable risk stratification for patients diagnosed with DCIS, possibly in concert with multiple biomarkers such as Ki67, p16, COX2, and/or multi‐parameter gene expression assays 40, 41. The gene discussed is TBX3; the disease is breast carcinoma.