HIV infection was independently associated with high levels of ICAM-1 (OR = 3.6, 95% CI: 1.3–10.6, p = 0.018) in controls but not in stroke cases even after excluding patients with a viral load >1,000 RNA copies/mL (OR = 4.1, 95% CI: 1.3–13.1, p = 0.017). The gene discussed is ICAM1; the disease is HIV infectious disease.