Therefore, a common underlying mechanism of hyperdiploidy was postulated and was reflected by uniformly increased IKZF1, IKZF3, and KPNA2 expression levels in MM cells with gains at all chromosomes analyzed in the current study (5p15/5q35, 9q34, 11q22.3, 15q22, and 19q13). Here, IKZF1 is linked to Miyoshi myopathy.