The neuroprotective properties of erythropoietin have been investigated for a number of years, regarding, for example, stroke and Alzheimer’s disease [67], autoimmune encephalomyelitis [68], neuroprotection in pre-term infants [69], as well as other neurodegenerative and traumatic diseases with cerebral damage such as Parkinson’s disease, traumatic brain injury, and cardiac arrest [70,71]. This evidence concerns the gene EPO and Stroke.