In parallel, staining of markers of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transdifferentiation (FMT) become more progressively marked when adenomyosis proceeded, along with an increase in TGFβ1 and Smad3 phosphorylation, leading to increased tissue fibrosis in adenomyotic lesions [21]. Here, TGFB1 is linked to adenomyosis.