The PDL1-IgG1Fc treatment was most effective in delaying the onset of ECM, and compared with PDL2-IgG1Fc-treated and IgG1Fc-treated mice, PDL1-IgG1Fc-treated mice displayed prolonged survival times (Figure 3A), reduced body weight loss (Figure 3C) and splenomegaly (Figures 3D–E), although there was no obvious difference in peripheral parasitemia between PDL1-IgG1Fc-treated mice and PbANKA group (Figure 3B). Here, CD274 is linked to parasitic infectious disease.