TNF-α expression was silenced by siRNA and nuclear NF-κB and HDAC-3 levels were examined, where TNF-α siRNA treated groups did not exhibit the nuclear translocation of NF-κB and HDAC-3, which further confirms that TNF-α is essential for activating the inflammatory cascade through nuclear translocation in ARDS. This evidence concerns the gene NFKB1 and acute respiratory distress syndrome.