Meanwhile, Western blot analysis showed that TS increased the activation of AP-1 proteins in liver tissues, as indicated by increased ratios of p-c-Jun/c-Jun, p-c-Fos/c-Fos, and the levels of p-c-Jun, p-c-Fos, JunD and FosB (Fig. 3c-g). This evidence concerns the gene JUND and Timothy syndrome.