IFNA1 and cancer: By inhibiting signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (STAT3) phosphorylation, RMLDVEKC motif of PD-L1 was required for cancer cells to withstand the IFN-induced apoptosis, while DTSSK motif counteracts the RMLDVEKC motif's function (Gato-Cañas et al., 2017).