PECAM1 and brain neoplasm: Immunohistochemical analysis of GBM specimens demonstrated abundant co-localization of FGL2 expression with brain tumor cells using the GFAP marker (15.8 ± 4.3%), moderate co-localization with immune cells (based on CD45 co-expression [6.5 ± 1.6%]), and occasional association with endothelial cells (denoted as CD31+ [3.3 ± 1.4%]) (Fig. 1d), consistent with the flow cytometry data.