TLR4 and autoimmune disease: Galectin‐9 (Gal‐9) is one of the ligands of Tim‐3, which regulates inflammatory response in diverse diseases.10, 20, 21 Interaction of Tim‐3 with Gal‐9 is essential in the induction of autoimmune diseases by regulating secretion of inflammatory factors.9 Toll‐like receptors (TLRs) are the classical family of molecules which involved in innate immunity.22 TLR‐4 is an essential member of the TLRs family, and it is closely related to the inflammatory response of CNS diseases.23 Meanwhile, the interaction of TLR‐4 and Tim‐3 plays an essential role in the regulation of inflammation.