These include the development of adipose tissue hypoxia, inflammation, oxidative stress, ER stress, insulin resistance, etc.,38 although nutrient overload per-se (like high concentrations of free fatty acids and glucose) would theoretically tend to attenuate autophagy.30,39 In this study, we demonstrate that leptin can modestly modulate autophagosome dynamics as evident by the acceleration of the rate of growth of autophagosome area per cell – a composite measure of autophagosome number and size. Here, LEP is linked to Insulin resistance.