BRAF and melanoma: In patients with advanced melanomas harboring BRAF V600 mutation, three different combinations of BRAF plus MEK inhibitors have been shown to yield superior clinical outcomes over BRAF inhibitor alone: dabrafenib plus trametinib versus dabrafenib (COMBI-d) [20–22], dabrafenib plus trametinib versus vemurafenib (COMBI-v) [23], vemurafenib plus cobimetinib versus vemurafenib (coBRIM) [24, 25], and encorafenib plus binimetinib versus encorafenib or vemurafenib (COLUMBUS) [26, 27].