Finally, examination of human cancer samples showed that expression of PRMT5 and MEP50, as well as GLI1 target genes was upregulated in small cell lung carcinoma (Fig. 6h), gastric cancer (Fig. 6i and Supplementary Fig. 5c–e), other known HH signal-activated cancers including skin basal cell carcinoma (Fig. 6j)3 and breast cancer (Supplementary Fig. 5f–h). The gene discussed is PRMT5; the disease is cancer.