The AFP and PIVKA-II concentrations in the validation cohort significantly correlated with the concentrations in the development cohort based on 50 control/50 HCC samples (AFP Spearman correlation coefficient ρ = 0.933, p < 0.0001; PIVKA-II Spearman correlation coefficient ρ = 0.826, p < 0.0001). This evidence concerns the gene AFP and hepatocellular carcinoma.