To support this hypothesis, Nuccitelli et al. recently reported apoptotic cell death accompanied by CTR exposure, ATP and HMGB1 release in response to 100-ns pulses in three different tumor cell types (MCA 205 murine fibrosarcoma, Jurkat E6-1 human T-cell leukemia and McA-RH777 rat hepatocarcinoma)13. This evidence concerns the gene HMGB1 and T-cell leukemia.