TOP2A and cancer: High levels of TOP2A expression are also detected in diverse human malignancies; these include adrenocortical, nasopharyngeal and gallbladder carcinomas, and cancers of the breast, ovary, oral, esophageal, lung, liver, colon, and leukemia (Depowski et al., 2000; Faggad et al., 2009; Jain et al., 2013; Lan et al., 2014; Meng et al., 2012; Mueller et al., 2004; Towatari et al., 1990; Washiro et al., 2008).