TGFB1 and mastitis: Furthermore, TGFβ1 is overexpressed in mastitic mammary glands in parallel with increased fibrosis and apoptosis of epithelial cells (Andreotti et al., 2014), and has been shown to enhance adhesion and invasion of Staphylococcus aureus to bovine mammary fibroblasts (Zhao et al., 2017), which makes TGFβ an attractive target of future research aimed to understand and control bovine mastitis.