Our preliminary characterization of the cell types involved suggests the main source of CCL7 in the L. major-infected skin is non-hematopoietic stromal cells (Figure 1) (35) that are not directly L. major-infected suggesting CCL7 induction is indirect, triggered by other host factors in response to infection, possibly through IL-1β or IFNs (62, 63). Here, CCL7 is linked to infection.