A recent study demonstrated that the severity of hippocampal neurodegeneration, the number of activated microglia/macrophages, and the ISG15 expression almost perfectly discriminate seizing from non-seizing C57BL/6 mice after a TMEV-DA infection despite the fact that strong microglia/macrophage activation and some hippocampal damage are also present in SJL mice [23]. Here, ISG15 is linked to infection.