Interestingly, FGFR3 and PIK3CA mutations have been demonstrated as biomarkers on liquid biopsy for disease surveillance for bladder cancer.100 Different cell cycle genes may be altered in invasive urothelial carcinoma, mainly tumour suppressor genes, including TP53, p16 and Rb.101 Finally, combinations of TP53, p21, p27 and pRb proved to be more precise in classifying bladder cancer patients into risk groups.102. This evidence concerns the gene RB1 and urinary bladder carcinoma.