Although eradication of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) is associated with higher healing rates and lower ulcer recurrence rates in patients with Hp-positive DU (Leodolter et al., 2001; Ford et al., 2016), non-eradication therapies are still appropriate for the patients with Hp-negative DU or without the result of Hp testing. This evidence concerns the gene HP and ulcer disease.