ALCAM and melanoma: Interestingly, we also found that Lmat-LLO is effective at killing melanoma cells that are particularly refractory to treatment, such as those that display acquired resistance to vemurafenib due to different molecular mechanisms (Fig. 1h) [12] or those that are characterized by a higher degree of stemness (CD166-positive [13] SK-Mel-5 cells (Fig. 1i), CD271-positive [14] SK-Mel-2 and SK-Mel-28 cells (Fig. 1j-k, Supplementary Fig. 6).