In addition to mutations in established melanoma genes described above, 2 canine cases were also found to harbor mutations (G9V and R13C) in the highly conserved N-terminal region of the EIF1AX protein (Fig. 1), an essential translation initiation factor that is known to be mutated in human uveal melanoma34, meningeal melanocytic tumors35 and other cancers. This evidence concerns the gene EIF1AX and cancer.